23^rd International Conference on Environmental Chemistry and Engineering September 15-16, 2022 London, UK

Polymer chemistry is a sub-discipline of chemistry that focuses on the chemical synthesis, structure, and chemical and physical properties of polymers and macromolecules. The principles and methods used within polymer chemistry are also applicable through a wide range of other chemistry sub-disciplines like organic chemistry, analytical chemistry, and physical chemistry. Many materials have polymeric structures, from fully inorganic metals and ceramics to DNA and other biological molecules, however, polymer chemistry is typically referred to in the context of synthetic, organic compositions. Synthetic polymers are ubiquitous in commercial materials and products in everyday use, commonly referred to as plastics, and rubbers, and are major components of composite materials. Polymer chemistry can also be included in the broader fields of polymer science or even nanotechnology, both of which can be described as encompassing polymer physics and polymer engineering

Atmospheric chemistry is a branch of atmospheric science in which the chemistry of the Earth's atmosphere and that of other planets is studied. It is a multidisciplinary approach of research and draws on environmental chemistry, physics, meteorology, computer modeling, oceanography, geology and volcanology and other disciplines. Research is increasingly connected with other areas of study such as climatology.Atmospheric chemistry is the study of the components of planetary atmospheres, particularly that of the Earth. It specifically looks at the composition of planetary atmospheres and the reactions and interactions that drive these dynamic and diverse systems.Because the atmosphere includes a wide range of temporal and spatial scales and many different chemical species whose concentrations can be affected by emissions, transport, reactions, removal, and other meteorological variables, a combination of approaches is essential.

Wastewater treatment is a process used to remove contaminants from wastewater or sewage and convert it into an effluent that can be returned to the water cycle with acceptable impact on the environment, or reused for various purposes (called water reclamation). The treatment process takes place in a wastewater treatment plant (WWTP), also referred to as a Water Resource Recovery Facility (WRRF) or a Sewage Treatment Plant (STP) in the case of domestic wastewater. Pollutants in wastewater are removed, converted or broken down during the treatment process.Chlorine is the chemical most often used in treating sewage and other types of wastewater. The process is called chlorination. This is the most effective means of destroying a variety of viruses and bacteria. A method known as neutralization is effective when treating industrial wastewater.

Public health has been defined as "the science and art of preventing disease”, prolonging life and improving quality of life through organized efforts and informed choices of society, organizations (public and private), communities and individuals. Analyzing the determinants of health of a population and the threats it faces is the basis for public health. The public can be as small as a handful of people or as large as a village or an entire city; in the case of a pandemic it may encompass several continents. The concept of health takes into account physical, psychological, and social well-being. As such, according to the World Health Organization, it is not merely the absence of disease or infirmity and more recently, a resource for everyday living.

Ocean chemistry, also known as marine chemistry, is influenced by plate tectonics and seafloor spreading, turbidity currents, sediments, pH levels, atmospheric constituents, metamorphic activity, and ecology. The field of chemical oceanography studies the chemistry of marine environments including the influences of different variables. Marine life has adapted to the chemistries unique to earth's oceans, and marine ecosystems are sensitive to changes in ocean chemistry.

Environmental chemistry  is the scientific study of the chemical and biochemical phenomena that occur in natural places. It should not be confused with green chemistry, which seeks to reduce potential pollution at its source. It can be defined as the study of the sources, reactions, transport, effects, and fates of chemical species in the air, soil, and water environments; and the effect of human activity and biological activity on these. Environmental chemistry is an interdisciplinary science that includes atmospheric, aquatic and soil chemistry, as well as heavily relying on analytical chemistry and being related to environmental and other areas of science

Renewable energy is useful energy that is collected from renewable resources, which are naturally replenished on a human timescale, including carbon neutral sources like sunlight, wind, rain, tides, waves, and geothermal heat. The term often also encompasses biomass as well, whose carbon neutral status is under debate. This type of energy source stands in contrast to fossil fuels, which are being used far more quickly than they are being replenished.

Fossil fuels

Reservoirs as gravitational potential energy

Latent heat and kinetics

Rechargeable battery

Environmental science is an interdisciplinary academic field that integrates physical, biological and information sciences (including ecology, biology, physics, chemistry, plant science, zoology, mineralogy, oceanography, limnology, soil science, geology and physical geography, and atmospheric science) to the study of the environment, and the solution of environmental problems. Environmental science emerged from the fields of natural history and medicine during the Enlightenment. Today it provides an integrated, quantitative, and interdisciplinary approach to the study of environmental systems.Environmental science is a fairly hard subject. In Environmental science, you have to learn about physics, chemistry, geology, biology, atmospheric science and mathematics all at the same time. The highly practical and interdisciplinary approach of environmental science makes it quite difficult.

Environmental Microbiology is the ecology of microorganisms  their relationship with one another and with their environment. It concerns the three major domains of life—Eukaryota, Archaea, and Bacteria—as well as viruses. Microorganisms, by their omnipresence, impact the entire biosphere. Microbial life plays a primary role in regulating biogeochemical systems in virtually all of our planet's environments, including some of the most extreme, from frozen Environmental microbiology is difficult for many engineering students because the amount of information presented in the textbook is large and most of the concepts are not directly linked to each other.Further  more, biology studies about all types of living organisms on earth and their interactions with non-living things while microbiology studies about microorganisms. Hence, this is another difference between biology and microbiology.

Climate change includes both global warming driven by human emissions of greenhouse gases and the resulting large-scale shifts in weather patterns. Though there have been previous periods of climatic change, since the mid-20th century humans have had an unprecedented impact on Earth's climate system and caused change on a global scale. There are six main climate regions: tropical rainy, dry, temperate marine, temperate continental, polar, and highlands. The tropics have two types of rainy climates: tropical wet and tropical wet-and- dry.Human activity is the main cause of climate change. People burn fossil fuels and convert land from forests to agriculture. Since the beginning of the Industrial Revolution, people have burned more and more fossil fuels and changed vast areas of land from forests to farmland.

Environment statistics is the application of statistical methods to environmental science. It covers procedures for dealing with questions concerning the natural environment in its undisturbed state, the interaction of humanity with the environment, and urban environments. The field of environmental statistics has seen rapid growth in the past few decades as a response to increasing concern over the environment in the public, organizational, and governmental sectors.Environmental statistics can help in understanding the importance of variability and oscillation in the data, employing various measures and methods to show the influence of variability, and lead scientists to search for scientific explanations. Statistical knowledge helps you use the proper methods to collect the data, employ the correct analyses, and effectively present the results. Statistics is a crucial process behind how we make discoveries in science, make decisions based on data, and make predictions.

Soil chemistry is the study of the chemical characteristics of soil. Soil chemistry is affected by mineral composition, organic matter and environmental factors. Back in the early 1850's a consulting chemist to the Royal Agricultural Society in England, named J. Thomas Way, performed many experiments on how soils exchange ions. As a result of his diligent and strenuous work, he is considered the father of soil chemistry. But after him, many other big-name scientists also contributed to this branch of ecology including Edmund Ruffin, Linus Pauling, and many others.The chemical composition of the soil, the topography, and the presence of living organisms determines the quality of soil. In general, soil contains 40-45% inorganic matter, 5% organic matter, 25% water, and 25% air. Soil chemistry is the branch of soil science that deals with the chemical composition, chemical properties, and chemical reactions of soils. Soils are heterogeneous mixtures of air, water, inorganic and organic solids, and microorganisms (both plant and animal in nature.

Environmental education (EE) refers to organized efforts to teach how natural environments function, and particularly, how human beings can manage behavior and ecosystems to live sustainably. It is a multi-disciplinary field integrating disciplines such as biology, chemistry, physics, ecology, earth science, atmospheric science, mathematics, and geography. The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organisation (UNESCO) states that EE is vital in imparting an inherent respect for nature amongst society and in enhancing public environmental awareness. UNESCO emphasises the role of EE in safeguarding future global developments of societal quality of life (QOL), through the protection of the environment, eradication of poverty, minimization of inequalities and insurance of sustainable development (UNESCO, 2014a). The term often implies education within the school system, from primary to post-secondary. However, it sometimes includes all efforts to educate the public and other audiences, including print materials, websites, media campaigns, etc.. There are also ways that environmental education is taught outside the traditional classroom. Aquariums, zoos, parks, and nature centers all have ways of teaching the public about the environment.

Environmental health is the branch of public health concerned with all aspects of the natural and built environment affecting human health. Environmental health focused on the natural and built environments for the benefit of human health. The major subdisciplines of environmental health are: environmental science; environmental and occupational medicine, toxicology and epidemiology.The goal of Environmental Health & Safety training is to equip companies and operators with the necessary skills to ensure the health and safety of people and the environment related to working conditions or harmful substances.

• Reduce the usage of your electrical appliances. ...
• Drive your car less. ...
• Reduce the usage of your wooden stove. ...
• Maintain a healthy eco system. ...
• Reduce usage of chemicals and pesticides. ...
• Recycle the waste products. ...
• Reduce carbon footprints. ...
• Grow your food locally.

Environmental toxicology is the science and practices of the adverse effects mainly of chemicals other man-made agents in the environment and through the environment. The targeted receptors of those adverse effects are also both the ecosystem and also the human. Environmental toxicology includes the study of chemical substances  potential and actual contaminants – polluting air, water, soil and food, their impacts upon the structure and function of ecological systems, including man as well as the use of these results for decision making and environmental management.Mutagenicity refers to the induction of permanent transmissible changes in the amount or structure of the genetic material of cells or organisms. These changes may involve a single gene or gene segment, a block of genes or chromosomes.

Environmental design is the manner of addressing surrounding environmental parameters when devising plans, policies, programs, buildings, or products. Environmental design may also check with the applied arts and sciences dealing with creating the human-designed environment. These fields constitute architecture, geography, urban planning, landscape architecture, and interior design. Environmental design may also encircle interdisciplinary areas like historical preservation and lighting design. In terms of a bigger scope, environmental design has implications for the industrial design of products: wind-electricity generators, innovative automobiles, solar-electric equipment, and different kinds of equipment could serve as examples. Currently, the term has expanded to use wind-electricity generators to ecological and sustainability issues.

An environmental disaster is a natural environment due to human action. Environmental disasters can have effect on agriculture, biodiversity, economy and human health. . Disasters aren’t random and don’t occur by accidentally. They are the convergence of hazards and vulnerable conditions. Disasters not only reveal underlying social, economic, political and environmental problems, but unfortunately contribute to worsening them. Such events pose serious challenges to development, as they erode hard-earned gains in terms of political and social progress, likewise infrastructure and technological development. There are six main climate regions: tropical rainy, dry, temperate marine, temperate continental, polar, and highlands. The tropics have two types of rainy climates: tropical wet and tropical wet-and- dry.

An ecosystem is a geographic area where plants, animals, and other organisms, as well as weather and landscape, work together to form a bubble of life. Ecosystems contain biotic or living, parts, as well as abiotic factors, or non-living parts. Biotic factors include plants, animals, and other organisms. There are three main types of ecosystems: freshwater, ocean, and terrestrial. Each type of ecosystem can house a wide variety of habitats and thus accounts for the diversity of plants and animals on planet Earth. The ecosystem is a self-contained unit of living things (plants, animals, and decomposers), and their non-living environment (soil, air, and water). Example – a grassland and a forest.

Environmental Geology unites the core foundation of environmental science and places particular emphasis on the study of geology and executing it to real-world situations. It is an applied science concerned with the practical application of the basis of geology in the iron out of environmental problems. It includes Hydrogeology, Environmental Mineralogy, Hydro geochemistry, Soil Mechanics etc. The fundamentals concepts of environmental geology are Human population growth, Sustainability, Hazardous earth processes etc. Environmental Geology employs in geologic hazards, topical issues, and natural resources of concern to society such as change in climate and provides sound advice about how humanity can live responsibly on Earth. Research on environmental geology emphases on the physical and chemical processes occurring at or nearby the Earth’s surface impacting by human activities. Hydrogeology is important nowadays  as some piece of the world are sacred with frequent rainfall and plentiful surface water resources, but most countries need to use the water that is underground stored to supplement their needs. Environmental geology applies prediction and study of geologic complications like Earth materials, Landscape evaluation, Natural hazards, Environmental impact analysis and remediation

Green chemistry is the design of chemical products and processes that reduce or eliminate the utilization or generation of hazardous substances. Green chemistry applies across the life cycle of a chemical product, including its design, manufacture, use, and ultimate disposal. Green chemistry is also known as sustainable chemistry. Green chemistry reduces pollution at its source by minimizing or eliminating the hazards of chemical feed stocks, reagents, solvents, and products.

Climate change refers to the endless variations in temperatures and weather patterns, including precipitation, temperature and winds. These changes can be natural, for example by variations in the solar cycle. Global warming refers to the persistent warming of the Earth caused by increased emissions of greenhouse gases. Climate change encompasses global warming but refers to the consequences of this change in the Earth's overall temperature. Warmer temperatures over time change weather patterns and upset the usual balance of nature. This brings many risks to human beings and all other life forms on Earth. Global warming refers to the increase in global temperatures due primarily to increased concentrations of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere.

Green technology in food processing could be defined as a set of technologies that are used in food processing in respect of maintaining ecosystem resilience and food nutrients. The rapid growth of population and life style are the driving forces of technological changes. A larger population breeds more educated individuals, thus creating intense competition which triggers the development of highly sophisticated technologies. Food is essential for human needs. It plays a role in human mental and physical health. Technology is inevitably required for food processing to meet food demands. The main purpose of food processing is to process commodities, such as plants, animals, fibers and aquatic creatures, into diverse edible foods with extended shelf life. Food processing involves one or more processes such as sorting, cleaning, washing, peeling, freezing and other processes. Food additives may also be added during the process in order to maintain or increase the quality of the products.

Geochemistry is the science that uses the apparatuses and standards of science to clarify the instruments behind major land frameworks, for e.g.: the Earth's covering and its seas. The domain of geochemistry stretches out past the world, enveloping the total Solar System and has made critical commitments to the comprehension of various procedures including mantle convection, the development of planets and the causes of rock and basalt. The investigation of the strong Earth and the seas, and the procedures that shape them, is principal to understanding the Earth and Environment  as an advancing framework.

Biogeochemical cycle is a pathway by which an artificial substance travels through both the biotic and abiotic parts of Earth. Biogeochemical discloses to us that organic, topographical and compound variables are included. There are numerous biogeochemical cycles that are as of now being considered interestingly as environmental change and human effects are radically changing the speed, power, and adjust of those moderately obscure cycles. Hydrology is the scientific study of the movement, distribution, and quality of water on Earth and other planets, including the water cycle, water resources and environmental watershed sustainability. Hydrology subdivides into surface water hydrology, groundwater hydrology (hydrogeology), and marine hydrology. Domains of hydrology include hydrometeorology, surface hydrology, hydrogeology, drainage-basin management and water quality.

This Area reviews the origins and nature of environmental challenges facing society through the study of their scientific, socio-economic and political dimensions, and prospect the ways of addressing these challenges through environmental, natural resource management, conservation and policy approaches. It is concerned with existing and emerging strategies for avoiding and managing the impacts of human activities and for conserving the resources of the biosphere in ways that are supporting to sustainable development. It provides knowledge, concepts, and skills needed to be effective in environmental management in business, government, and not-for-profit sectors

The most important risk in agriculture derives from exposure to pesticides. Evaluation of the extensive toxicological studies required for all pesticides. From the past 50 years, agriculture has deeply changed with a massive utilization of pesticides and fertilizers to enhance crop protection and production, food quality and food preservation. Pesticides are unique chemicals as they are intrinsically toxic for several biological targets, are deliberately spread into the environment, and their toxicity has a limited species selectivity. The post-marketing risk assessment takes place during the use of pesticides and aims at assessing the risk for exposed operators. and their toxicity has a limited species selectivity. The post-marketing risk assessment takes place during the use of pesticides and aims at assessing the risk for exposed operators.

Bioaccumulation is the accumulation of substances, such as pesticides, or other chemicals in an organism. Bioaccumulation occurs when an organism absorbs a substance at a rate faster than that at which the substance is lost by catabolism and excretion. Biotransformation can strongly modify the bioaccumulation of chemicals in an organism. Extensive damage to organisms and declines in wildlife populations have been observed together with long-term bioaccumulation and bio magnification of persistent xenobiotic chemicals. Heavy metals, especially organic or bio methylated mercury, lead, cadmium and organic tin compounds have caused environmental damage through bioaccumulation on a local scale.

Environmental Compliance covers a broad range of environmental laws, regulations, and standards create to manage our environment. In recent years, environmental concerns have led to a significant increase in the number and scope of compliance imperatives across all global regulatory environments. Being closely related, environmental concerns and compliance activities are increasingly being aligned with corporate performance goals and being integrated to some extent to avoid conflicts, wasteful overlaps, and gaps. Pre-processing, performing calculations and validating the data for compliance with any alert or reporting levels.

6 Best Ways to Ensure Environmental Compliance and Workplace Safety

Train Thoroughly. ...

Review Past Mistakes. ...

Ensure Proper Communication. ...

Check Your Equipment. ...

Focus on Risk Management. ...

Coordinate with Professionals.

Waste management is the collection, transport, processing, managing and monitoring of waste materials. Waste management is a distinct practice from resource recovery which focuses on the optimum utilization of the natural resources with social responsibility. It aims at unearthing the recent innovations and developments in this field with a view to check global warming. All the activities and actions required to manage waste from its inception to its final disposal. This includes amongst other things collection, transport, treatment and disposal of waste together with monitoring and regulation. It also encompasses the legal and regulatory framework that relates to waste management encompassing guidance on recycling.